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Why are religious visions believed only in certain times and places? In this book William Christian investi gates the settings and responses to a series of group visions reported by Spaniards in rural Galicia, Valencia, Cantabria, and Navarre in the early part of this century the most notable one involving the crucifix at Limpias, where Jesus was first seen agonizing on the cross during a mission service in March of 1919. In light of the social strife and strong anticlerical movements of the period, the author examines how gender and religious politics influenced the experiences of seers and the interpretation of their visions by church officials, journalists, and the public. Christian approaches the story inductively, from the visionaries and the parish to the religious orders, diocesan officials, and Vatican envoys. He places the events in the context of mission dramaturgy and pilgrimages to Lourdes, and shows their ramifications in Italy, Mexico, the United States, France, and Central Europe. Using oral testimony, church archives, local newspaper accounts, and apologetic literature, Christian finds that some observers related the moving crucifixes to a logical, millenarian sequence that included earlier apparitions in France; for others they were divine reactions to national political events; while for many local people they were signs for the establishment of new shrines. His study reveals the preoccupations of ordinary people and how they found expression in religious images.Originally published in 1992.The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Crosses --- History --- Jesus Christ --- Cult --- Spain --- Religious life and customs. --- Calvaries --- Crucifixes --- Roods --- Signs and symbols --- Crucifixion --- Crosses - Spain - History - 20th century.

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Historical markers --- -Milestones --- -Crosses --- -Calvaries --- Crucifixes --- Roods --- Signs and symbols --- Crucifixion --- Mileposts --- Boundary stones --- Street signs --- Markers, Historical --- Historic buildings --- Historic sites --- Monuments --- Signs and signboards --- Hesse (Germany) --- -Hesse (Germany) --- -History, Local --- Antiquities --- Crosses --- Milestones --- Antiquities. --- -Gross-Hessen (Germany) --- Greater Hesse (Germany) --- Hessen (Germany) --- Land Hesse (Germany) --- State of Hesse (Germany) --- Hesse-Darmstadt (Germany) --- Hesse-Nassau (Germany) --- History, Local --- Mile pillars --- Pillars, Mile

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Crosses --- Inscriptions, Runic --- Christian art and symbolism --- Christianity --- Decoration and ornament, Norse. --- -Christianity --- -Crosses --- -Decoration and ornament, Norse --- -Inscriptions, Runic --- -#BIBC:ruil --- Runic inscriptions --- Inscriptions, Norse --- Runes --- Calvaries --- Crucifixes --- Roods --- Signs and symbols --- Crucifixion --- Religions --- Church history --- Art, Christian --- Art, Ecclesiastical --- Arts in the church --- Christian symbolism --- Ecclesiastical art --- Religious art, Christian --- Sacred art --- Symbolism and Christian art --- Art --- Symbolism --- Christian antiquities --- Church decoration and ornament --- Norse decoration and ornament --- Theses --- Decoration and ornament, Norse --- #BIBC:ruil --- Religious art --- Symbolism in art --- Crosses - Scandinavia. --- Inscriptions, Runic - Sweden. --- Inscriptions, Runic - Scandinavia. --- Christian art and symbolism - Scandinavia - Medieval, 500-1500. --- Christianity - Sweden.

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crucifixes --- Sculpture --- Iconography --- anno 500-1499 --- Art, Medieval. --- Crosses in art --- Art médiéval --- Croix dans l'art --- Jesus Christ --- Crucifixion --- Art. --- 7.04 --- 091.31:7.04 --- Art, Medieval --- Medieval art --- Iconografie. Iconologie. Onderwerpen van kunstzinnige uitbeelding --- Verluchte handschriften: iconografie --- -Christ --- Cristo --- Jezus Chrystus --- Jesus Cristo --- Jesus, --- Jezus --- Christ, Jesus --- Yeh-su --- Masīḥ --- Khristos --- Gesù --- Christo --- Yeshua --- Chrystus --- Gesú Cristo --- Ježíš --- Isa, --- Nabi Isa --- Isa Al-Masih --- Al-Masih, Isa --- Masih, Isa Al --- -Jesus, --- Jesucristo --- Yesu --- Yeh-su Chi-tu --- Iēsous --- Iēsous Christos --- Iēsous, --- Kʻristos --- Hisus Kʻristos --- Christos --- Jesuo --- Yeshuʻa ben Yosef --- Yeshua ben Yoseph --- Iisus --- Iisus Khristos --- Jeschua ben Joseph --- Ieso Kriʻste --- Yesus --- Kristus --- ישו --- ישו הנוצרי --- ישו הנצרי --- ישוע --- ישוע בן יוסף --- المسيح --- مسيح --- يسوع المسيح --- 耶稣 --- 耶稣基督 --- 예수그리스도 --- Jíizis --- Yéshoua --- Iėsu̇s --- Khrist Iėsu̇s --- عيسىٰ --- -Art --- -Crucifixion --- 091.31:7.04 Verluchte handschriften: iconografie --- 7.04 Iconografie. Iconologie. Onderwerpen van kunstzinnige uitbeelding --- Art médiéval --- Christ --- ‏عيسىٰ‏

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One of the most common religious practices among medieval Eastern Christian communities was their devotion to venerating crosses and crucifixes. Yet many of these communities existed in predominantly Islamic contexts, where the practice was subject to much criticism and often resulted in accusations of idolatry. How did Christians respond to these allegations? Why did they advocate the preservation of a practice that was often met with confusion or even contempt? To shed light onto these questions, Charles Tieszen looks at every known apologetic or polemical text written between the eighth and fourteenth centuries to include a relevant discussion. With sources taken from across the Mediterranean basin, Egypt, Syria and Palestine, the result is the first in-depth look at a key theological debate which lay at the heart of these communities' religious identities. By considering the perspectives of both Muslim and Christian authors, Cross Veneration in the Medieval Islamic World also raises important questions concerning cross-cultural debate and exchange, and the development of Christianity and Islam in the medieval period.This is an important book that will shine much needed light onto Christian-Muslim relations, the nature of inter-faith debates and the wider issues facing the communities living across the Middle East during the medieval period.

Crosses. --- Christian art and symbolism --- Image (Theology) --- Christianity and other religions --- Islam --- Identity (Psychology) --- Mohammedanism --- Muhammadanism --- Muslimism --- Mussulmanism --- Religions --- Muslims --- Christianity --- Syncretism (Christianity) --- Communication --- Art, Christian --- Art, Ecclesiastical --- Arts in the church --- Christian symbolism --- Ecclesiastical art --- Religious art, Christian --- Sacred art --- Symbolism and Christian art --- Art --- Symbolism --- Christian antiquities --- Church decoration and ornament --- Calvaries --- Crucifixes --- Roods --- Signs and symbols --- Crucifixion --- History. --- Relations --- Religious aspects --- Christianity. --- History --- Crosses --- Image (Theology). --- Christian art and symbolism. --- Interfaith relations. --- Islam. --- Cult --- Cult. --- To 1500. --- Middle East. --- 297.116*1 --- 297.116*1 Relatie Islam tot Christendom --- Relatie Islam tot Christendom --- Religious art --- E-books --- Symbolism in art --- Personal identity --- Personality --- Self --- Ego (Psychology) --- Individuality --- Islam&delete& --- Relations&delete& --- Christianity&delete& --- Religious aspects&delete& --- Croix --- Christians